Nouns:

Nouns are generally people, animals, places, things, ideas, substances, or events which occur as the primary word of an argument. They consist of either a bare or derived root. Nouns may be derived from verbs, adjectives or other qualifiers or, more rarely, may be derived by compounding nouns with other nouns, verbs, or adjectives. Nouns are generally uninflected, but take particles for case and may also take particles for number. Compund nouns consist of a primary stem, which is always a noun, and a secondary element suffixed to the primary. The primary designates the larger set of which the noun is a part, and determines all grammatical elements. The secondary indicates the subset of which the noun is a part. Generally, multiple secondaries may not be applied. Nominalized verbs and adjectives used as secondaries.

 

 

Nominal Phrases

The order of elements in nominal phrases is determiner, measure word, genitive, modifier, relative clause, other clauses, noun, number particle, case particle, postposition

 

 

Reduplication:

In adjectives, partial repuplication is used to add emphasis or to intensify.

 

Animate Pronouns:

 

Person

Singular

Paucal

Plural

1st Inclusive

Háuke

Fátluu

Kakah

1st exclusive

----------

Háupái

Niiklá'ox

2nd

Kehra

Kuhu'ux

Máixi

3rd Proximate

Saiháix

Féfó'á

Tetjen

3rd Oblivate

pátrá'a

hiimlaiqfii

hónái

 

Inanimate Pronouns:

 

Person

Singular

Paucal

Plural

1st Inclusive

Háuke

Fátluu

Kakah

1st exclusive

----------

Háupái

Niiklá'ox

2nd

Kehra

Kuhu'ux

Máixi

3rd Proximate

Saiháix

Féfó'á

Tetjen

3rd Oblivate

pátrá'a

hiimlaiqfii

hónái

 

 

 

Possession:

Noun possession divides all nouns into two open classes of possessable and unpossessable nouns, and the possessable nouns are further divided based on their alienability.

 

Noun derived adjectives are maked with sau.

 

Pronouns:

 

Person:

First person singular indicates the speaker.

Inclusive first person plural indicates the speaker and others, including the listener.

Exclusive first person plural indicates the speaker and others, but not including the listener.

Second person indicates the listener or listeners.

Third person a specific person or persons other than the speaker and listener.

Fourth person indicates an indefinite, unspecified person or persons.

 

Genitive Attribute:

Genitive attributes are noun clauses used to modify arguments. The consist of a noun followed by a genitive particle. Genitive particles are divided into possession particles and other modifiers.

 

Possession:
Nouns are divided into unpossessable, alienable possessable, inalienable possessable, alienable possessed ,and inpossessed possessed (either alienable or inalienable).

 

Unpossessable nouns never take possessive markers.

The alienable possessive marks arguments as possessing an alienable argument.

The inalienable possessive marks arguments as possessing an inalienable argument.

The alienable possessed marks alienable arguments as being possesed by another argument.

The inalienable possessed marks inalienable arguments as being possesed by another argument.

 

Modifiers:

The compositional indicates what substance the argument is composed of - the man of steel

The original indicates the location where the argument originates - man of Rome

The descriptive indicates a description of or reference to the argument - pirate flag, men's literature

 

Genitive Attribute Particles:

The genitive attributes markers are as follows:

Alienable Possessive: za

Inalienable Possessive: gi

Alienable Possessed: lo

Inalienable Possessed: hi

Compositional: ba

Original: kar

Descriptive: soi